What is Deepfake?
TL;DR
Technology that uses AI to realistically synthesize or replace a person's face or voice. Misuse for disinformation and fraud is a growing social concern.
Deepfake: Definition & Explanation
Deepfake refers to the technology that uses deep learning to realistically synthesize or replace a person's face, voice, or movements, as well as the fake content generated by such technology. Originally based on GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks), current deepfake techniques also leverage diffusion models and LLM-based voice synthesis. While there are positive applications in movie VFX, entertainment, and educational content, misuse — including fabricated political videos, fraud (voice phishing), and non-consensual intimate imagery — has become a serious social problem. In 2026, deepfake-powered disinformation is recognized as a global threat, particularly during elections. Counter-technologies including AI-based deepfake detection tools, digital watermarking, and content authentication standards (C2PA) are being developed. Legislation targeting deepfake misuse is advancing in countries worldwide, including discussions in Japan about strengthening penalties.